Preheat the oven to 425°F/ 220°C.
Roll the puff pastry dough out into a 13-inch (33cm) circle circle. It can be a rustic circle, with no need for perfection. Place the dough onto a sheet of parchment paper. It will hang over the edges for now, but later, you will fold the edges of the pastry over, and then it will fit.
In a large bowl combine the blueberries, cornstarch, sugar, salt, lemon juice, lemon zest, cinnamon, and vanilla, and toss it all together to coat.
Lay the blueberries into the center of the dough leaving a 2-inch (4-5 cm) edge. Sprinkle on any of the left-behind cornstarch/sugar mixture that's left in the bowl.
Fold the edges of the dough over the filling, going around the edge of the circle. Transfer the galette to a baking sheet.
In a small bowl whisk the egg and water and use a pastry brush to brush the edges of the pastry.
If your oven isn't at temperature yet, place the unbaked galette in the fridge while you wait.
Bake the galette at 425°F/ 220°C for 15 minutes, then turn the oven down to 375°F/ 190°C and continue baking for around 30 minutes more until the edges are a deep golden brown and the filling is bubbly and thick.
Once baked, let the galette cool for at least 15 minutes before serving to let some of the juices in the filling thicken up. Serve with vanilla ice cream or whipped cream.